Skimmer
Skimmer Definition
A skimmer is a device used by cybercriminals to steal credit card or debit card information. These small, covert devices are attached to legitimate card readers, such as those at ATMs, gas stations, or point-of-sale terminals, and are designed to surreptitiously capture card data when users swipe or insert their cards for transactions.
How Skimmers Work
Skimmers are often designed to seamlessly blend with the appearance of the legitimate card reader, making them difficult for the average person to detect. The purpose of a skimmer is to capture and store card data for later use by the attackers. Here is how skimmers work:
Physical Skimmers: There are two main types of physical skimmers used:
Magnetic Stripe Skimmers: These skimmers are placed over the card slot, with a built-in reader that captures the data stored on the magnetic stripe when the card is swiped. These skimmers are less common now due to the widespread adoption of chip cards.
Chip Skimmers: These skimmers are designed to fit inside the card reader and utilize a small electronic chip to read and store data from the card's chip. Chip skimmers are more challenging to detect as they are hidden within the card reader.
Wireless Skimmers: Some skimmers are equipped with wireless capabilities, allowing the attackers to remotely retrieve the stolen card data without physically accessing the skimmer. This makes it easier for them to cover a larger area and reduces the risk of being caught in the act.
Data Retrieval: The stolen card data can be retrieved by the attackers through various means, including Bluetooth, SMS, or even by physically collecting the skimmer. Once the data is obtained, cybercriminals often use it to create counterfeit cards or make fraudulent online purchases, resulting in financial loss for the victims.
Prevention Tips
Protecting yourself from skimmers requires vigilance and awareness. Here are some prevention tips to keep in mind:
Inspect Card Readers: Before using any card reader, inspect it for any irregularities or signs of tampering. Look for loose components, extra attachments, or anything that seems out of place. If something seems suspicious, avoid using that particular reader and report it to the relevant authorities or business owner.
Cover the Keypad: When entering your PIN at an ATM or point-of-sale terminal, cover the keypad with your hand or body to prevent potential skimmers or hidden cameras from recording your keystrokes. This is known as "shoulder surfing" and is a common tactic used by criminals to steal sensitive information.
Monitor Financial Statements: Regularly monitor your bank and credit card statements for any unauthorized transactions. If you notice any suspicious activity, report it to your bank or credit card issuer immediately. The earlier you report fraudulent transactions, the more likely you are to recover any lost funds.
Use Contactless Payment Methods: Consider using contactless payment methods, such as mobile wallets or contactless cards, to minimize the risk of card skimming. These methods utilize near-field communication (NFC) technology, which is more secure than traditional swipe or chip-based transactions. With contactless payments, you don't have to physically insert or swipe your card, reducing the chance of falling victim to a skimmer.
Stay Informed: Stay up-to-date with the latest news and developments in skimming techniques and prevention measures. By staying informed, you can better protect yourself and others from falling victim to this type of fraud.
Related Terms
Shoulder Surfing: A form of stealing confidential information by covertly observing someone as they enter their PIN or other sensitive data. Skimmers can often be paired with hidden cameras to capture both card data and PINs.
Data Breach: The unauthorized access and retrieval of sensitive data, including card information, from an organization's database or system. Skimmers can be seen as a physical form of data breach, as they illegally gather card information.
EMV Technology: The global standard for credit and debit card payments based on chip card technology, designed to combat card skimming and counterfeiting. EMV, which stands for Europay, Mastercard, and Visa, uses embedded microchips in cards to provide enhanced security and authentication measures, making it more difficult for skimmers to obtain card data.